Thirteen species of jumping spiders from northern Vietnam (Araneae, Salticidae)

ZooKeys | 148: | 19-1 65 (2023) A peer-reviewed open-access journal
doi: 10.3897/zookeys. | 148.9827 | RESEARCH ARTICLE Z00Ke y S

https:/ / ZOO keys. pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research

Thirteen species of jumping spiders
from northern Vietnam (Araneae, Salticidae)

Cheng Wang', Shuqiang Li’, Dinh-Sac Pham?

I College of Agriculture and Forestry Engineering and Planning, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of
Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren
554300, Guizhou, China 2 Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
3 Vietnam National Museum of Nature (VNMN), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18
Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam

Corresponding authors: Shugiang Li (lisq@ioz.ac.cn), Dinh-Sac Pham (phamdinhsac@vnmn.vast.vn)

Academic editor: Zhiyuan Yao | Received 2 December 2022 | Accepted 2 February 2023 | Published 16 February 2023
Attps://zoobank. org/D2805F99-5B 10-4CB2-B2D7-F2A7343628D9

Citation: Wang C, Li S, Pham D-S (2023) Thirteen species of jumping spiders from northern Vietnam (Araneae,
Salticidae). ZooKeys 1148: 119-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1148.98271

Abstract

A new genus and thirteen species of jumping spiders from northern Vietnam are reported. Zabka gen. nov.
is erected to accommodate two species transferred from Euophrys Blackwall,1841, including the genero-
type, Z. cooki (Zabka, 1985), comb. nov., and Z. xuyei (Lin & Li, 2020), comb. nov. Twelve new species
are described: Chinattus crewsae sp. nov. (32), C. logunovi sp. nov. (3:2), Eupoa maidinhyeni sp. nov.
(SQ), E. maddisoni sp. nov. (32), E. ninhbinh sp. nov. (3), E. zabkai sp. nov. (42), Indopadilla cuc sp.
nov. (42), Synagelides ani sp. nov. (32), S. mii sp. nov. (3-2), S. pengi sp. nov. (2), S. sancha sp. nov.
($9), and Yaginumaella hagiang sp. nov. (4). The unknown male of Zabka cooki is described for the first

time. Diagnostic photos of the habitus and copulatory organs are provided.

Keywords

Morphology, new taxa, salticid, Southeast Asia, taxonomy

Copyright Cheng Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY
4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

120 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Introduction

The interactions of complex topographic, climatic, and ecological factors through time
are responsible for the high levels of species diversity and endemism in Vietnam, one
of eleven Southeast Asian countries (Liu et al. 2010). Taxonomic study of jumping
spiders from Vietnam began at the end of the 19" century, but little was known until
the systematic work of Zabka (1985) who described 100 species, including 51 spe-
cies new to science. Later, a series of publications by Dr. Dmitri V. Logunov greatly
increased the knowledge of the diversity of Vietnamese salticid fauna (Logunov 2001,
2008, 2021; Logunov and Marusik 2014; Logunov and Jager 2015). However, a high
number of endemic species remains known only from a single sex (Metzner 2023;
WSC 2023). To date, at least 135 species in 67 genera have been recorded, but the true
diversity of jumping spiders from this area remains insufficiently known and is likely
to be much greater (Logunov 2021; Hoang et al. 2022).

This study presents data collected from three National Parks and Ha Giang Na-
tional Forest in northern Vietnam (Liu et al. 2010; Lin et al. 2023) and is goal to erect
a new genus, to describe 12 new species of five genera and the unknown male of Zabka

cooki (Zabka, 1985), comb. nov.

Materials and methods

Specimens were collected by sieving, pitfall trap, or hand collecting and were preserved
in 75% ethanol for morphological study. All specimens are deposited in the Institute
of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZCAS) in Beijing, China. Methods follow
those of Wang and Li (2021).

All measurements are given in millimeters. Leg measurements are given as: total
length (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). References to figures in the cited pa-
pers are listed in lowercase type (fig. or figs), and figures in this paper are noted with
an initial capital (Fig. or Figs).

Abbreviations used in the text and figures are as follows: AERW anterior eye row
width; AME anterior median eye; ALE anterior lateral eye; AG accessory gland; AR
atrial ridge; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; CTA compound
terminal apophysis; DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DP dorsal epigynal plate; dTA
division of terminal apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; dRTA dorso-retrolateral
tibial apophysis; E embolus; ED embolic division; EFL eye field length; FD fertiliza-
tion duct; H epigynal hood; MA median apophysis; MS median septum; PCA pro-
lateral cymbial apophysis; PERW posterior eye row width; PL posterior lobe; PME
posterior median eye; PLE posterior lateral eye; PTA prolateral tibial apophysis; RCA
retrolateral cymbial apophysis; RFA retrolateral femoral apophysis; RPA retrolateral
patellar apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; S spermatheca; SD sperm duct;
TA terminal apophysis; VPA ventral patellar apophysis; WIA ventral tibial apophysis.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 12a

Taxonomy

Genus Chinattus Logunov, 1999

Type species. Habrocestoides szechwanensis Prészynski, 1992 from China.

Comments. Chinattus is placed in the tribe Hasariini together with thirteen other
genera, and is represented by 20 species mainly distributed in Asia, as well as presents
the highest diversity in China (Maddison 2015; WSC 2023). The genus is rather well
studied due to all of its species having diagnostic drawings, but more than one-third
of these species are known only from a single sex (WSC 2023). To date, only two spe-
cies have been recorded from Vietnam (WSC 2023). In the present work, we place the
two new species described below into Chinattus due to the similarity of habitus and
copulatory organs. However, it is worth mentioning that they are also different from
other Chinattus species by the absence of a basal epigynal plate and its round internal
structure, and having retromarginal cheliceral fissident tooth with at least five cusps
(vs. the presence of basal epigynal plate with a round internal structure and having a
single retromarginal cheliceral tooth in the generotype and its congeners; see Metzner
2023), and so, the generic position of those two species may need further confirma-
tion. Moreover, Chinattus presents very similar habitus and copulatory organs with
Jajpurattus Prészynski, 1992, and the relationship between these two genera may also
need further attention.

Chinattus crewsae sp. nov.
https://zoobank.org/ EE86D8F4-B52C-47F6-9567-EFD5476C9727
Figs 1, 2

Type material. Holotype ¢ (IZCAS-Ar44157), Viernam: Ha Giang Province: Ha
Giang National Forest, 14.V.2002, D.S. Pham leg. Paratypes 12¢49 (IZCAS-
Ar44158-44173), same data as holotype; 73592 (IZCAS-Ar44174-44185), same lo-
cality and collector, 14.VIII.2002.

Etymology. ‘This specific name is a patronym in honor of Sarah Crews (San Fran-
cisco, USA), a leading specialist on the taxonomy of Selenopidae worldwide; noun
(name) in genitive case.

Diagnosis. Chinattus crewsae sp. nov. resembles C. furcatus (Xie, Peng & Kim,
1993) in the general shape of copulatory organs, but it can be easily distinguished by
the following: (1) the RTA is acutely narrowed medially, and curved inward at distal
end in retrolateral view (Fig. 1B), whereas it is tapered, not curved in C. furcatus (Peng
and Xie 1995: fig. 3); (2) the copulatory openings open anteriorly (Fig. 2A), whereas
they open bilaterally in C. furcatus (Peng and Xie 1995: fig. 5); (3) the epigynal hood
is square, located medially (Fig. 2A), whereas almost triangular, located posteriorly in

C. furcatus (Peng and Xie 1995: fig. 5). The female of this new species also resembles

122 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Figure |. Male palp of Chinattus crewsae sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dor-
sal. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: E — embolus; PL — posterior lobe; RTA — retrolateral tibial apo-
physis; SD — sperm duct.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam ys

Figure 2. Chinattus crewsae sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal
C holotype habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral E female paratype habitus, dorsal F holotype carapace, frontal
G holotype chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C=F). Abbreviations: AG — acces-
sory gland; At — atrium; CD — copulatory duct; FD — fertilization duct; H — epigynal hood; S — spermatheca.

124 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Hasarius orientalis (Zabka, 1985) in having similar epigyne and multifurcated retromar-
ginal cheliceral fissidental tooth, but it can be easily distinguished by the following: (1)
the copulatory openings are located anteriorly (Fig. 2A), whereas they are located poste-
riorly in H. orientalis (Zabka 1985: fig. 214); (2) the epigynal hood is located medially
(Fig. 2A), whereas it is located postero-marginally in H. orientalis (Zabka 1985: fig. 214).

Description. Male (Figs 1, 2C, D, FE, G). Total length 4.76. Carapace 2.41 long
1.93 wide. Abdomen 2.17 long, 1.59 wide. Clypeus 0.12 high. Eye sizes and inter-
distances: AME 0.58, ALE 0.36, PLE 0.30, AERW 1.86, PERW 1.70, EFL 1.16.
Legs: 1 5.14 (1.50, 1.01, 1.25, 0.88, 0.50), Il 4.37 (1.33, 0.78, 0.88, 0.93, 0.45), HI
5.37 (1.88, 0.83, 1.13, 1.05, 0.48), IV 4.75 (1.50, 0.63, 1.01, 1.13, 0.48). Carapace
almost square, red-brown to dark brown, setose; fovea dark, longitudinal, bar-shaped.
Chelicerae red-brown to dark-brown, with two promarginal teeth and one retromar-
ginal fissidental tooth with five to eight cusps. Endites red-brown, paler the inner
margins, broadened distally. Labium colored as endites. Sternum longer than wide,
almost shield-shaped. Legs yellow to dark brown. Abdomen oval, dorsum brown, with
arc-shaped white stripe of setae at anterior sub-margin, followed by a pair of muscle
depressions, and three triangular brown patches encircled by discontinuous, yellow
patches; venter brown, with longitudinal dotted lines. Palp (Fig. 1A—D);: tibia slightly
longer than wide; RTA acutely narrowed, and strongly sclerotized at distal half, slightly
curved inward at distal end, with broadened medio-proximal portion bearing dense
processes; cymbium setose; bulb elongated, swollen, with blunt posterior lobe extend-
ing posteriorly; embolus originates from antero-prolateral portion of bulb, twisted,
extending anteriorly, with rather pointed tip.

Female (Fig. 2A, B, E). Total length 5.78. Carapace 2.75 long 2.13 wide. Abdo-
men 2.81 long, 2.03 wide. Clypeus 0.14 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME
0:59, ALE-0.37, PLE :0:31, AERW 2:01, PERW 1:81. EFL 1.257 Legs: 4.657(1-42,
0.93, 1.10, 0.70, 0.50), Hl 4.36 (1.38, 0.83, 0.95, 0.70, 0.50), IH 5.88 (2.01, 0.83,
1.43, 1.13, 0.48), IV 5.18 (1.60, 0.68, 1.15, 1.25, 0.50). Habitus (Fig. 2E) similar to
that of male except paler, with one retromarginal cheliceral fissidental tooth with six
cusps. Epigyne (Fig. 2A, B): wider than long, with sub-square central hood, and pair of
anterolateral oval atria; copulatory openings beneath the posterior-most of atrial mar-
gins; copulatory ducts twisted, with proximal, short accessory glands; spermathecae
indistinct; fertilization ducts lamellar, extending transversely.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ha Giang Province, Vietnam.

Chinattus logunovi sp. nov.
https://zoobank.org/59B5E74A-02BE-4F2F-98FA-B9961B414A63
Figs 3, 4

Type material. Holotype 3 (IZCAS-Ar44186), VietNam: Vinh Phuc Province: Tam
Dao National Park, Acacia Plantation, 1-30.11.2008, D.S. Pham leg. Paratypes 2319
(IZCAS-Ar44187-44189), same data as holotype; 1412 (IZCAS-Ar44190-44191),
Tam Dao National Park, 1—30.I.2008, same collector.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 125

Etymology. The specific name is a patronym in honor of Dmitri V. Logunov (Man-
chester, UK), a leading arachnologist in jumping spiders, who has contributed signifi-
cantly to the taxonomy of jumping spiders from Vietnam; noun (name) in genitive case.

Diagnosis. The male of Chinattus logunovi sp. nov. can be easily distinguished
from other congeners by the presence of RCA (Fig. 3B). The female of this new species
resembles that of C. prabodhi Basumatary, Das, Caleb & Brahma, 2020 by the absence
of epigynal plate, but it can be easily distinguished by the spermathecae, which are
anterior to copulatory openings (Fig. 4B), whereas almost as level as copulatory open-
ings in C. prabodhi (Basumatary et al. 2020: figs 8-11), and by the accessory glands of
copulatory ducts, which are anteriorly extending (Fig. 4B), whereas posteriorly extend-
ing in C. prabodhi (Basumatary et al. 2020: fig. 11).

Description. Male (Figs 3, 4C, D, FE, G). Total length 5.45. Carapace 2.95 long
2.23 wide. Abdomen 2.59 long, 1.91 wide. Clypeus 0.14 high. Eye sizes and inter-
distances: AME 0.59, ALE 0.36, PLE 0.30, AERW 1.94, PERW 1.73, EFL 1.14.
Vege: 175242213 033,718 8,21643; 0.7 5), alk 81 26l.45,,02889 1y4.0;.0.8 8,.0750)5. 10
6.2'(2..08;-0.93,0 1.45, 1-25, 0:50), 1V 5:74-(1.68,°0:935/1.20, 1°38) 0:55) Garapace
sub-square, slightly narrowed anteriorly, red-brown to dark brown, covered with setae,
denser anteriorly, with fan-shaped, red-brown area medially; fovea bar-shaped, longi-
tudinal, dark. Chelicerae red-brown, with two promarginal teeth and one retromar-
ginal fissidental tooth with six cusps. Endites broadened distally, bearing dense setae at
distal half on inner margins. Labium red-brown, almost linguiform, paler distally. Ster-
num colored as labium, longer than wide, with straight anterior margin. Legs yellow to
brown, spinous. Abdomen almost oval, dorsum brown, spotted, with arc-shaped, pale
stripe anteriorly, two pairs of muscle depressions, several pairs of irregularly shaped
spots mediolaterally, several wave-shaped or straight, transverse stripes posteromedi-
ally; venter colored as dorsum, with two pairs of pale, longitudinal dotted lines. Palp
(Fig. 3A—D): tibia longer than wide, with short, strongly sclerotized retrolateral apo-
physis curved medially, and with rather pointed tip; cymbium longer than wide, with
flat, apically blunt baso-retrolateral apophysis; bulb longer than wide, swollen medio-
posteriorly, with semi-circular posterior lobe extending prolaterally; embolus strongly
sclerotized, slightly curved, originates from antero-prolateral portion of bulb, with
rather pointed tip, directed anteriorly in ventral view.

Female (Fig. 4A, B, E). Total length 5.56. Carapace 2.52 long 1.96 wide. Abdo-
men 3.01 long, 2.44 wide. Clypeus 0.15 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.54,
ALE 0.34, PLE 0.29, AERW 1.66, PERW 1.57, EFL 1.03. Legs: I 4.76 (1.45, 0.88,
1.13, 0.80, 0.50), II 4.09 (1.13, 0.80, 1.01, 0.70, 0.45), III 5.64 (1.95, 0.88, 1.18,
1.13, 0.50), IV 5.29 (1.68, 0.70, 1.13, 1.25, 0.53). Carapace similar to that of male ex-
cept paler. Chelicerae with one retromarginal fissidental tooth with seven cusps. Abdo-
men pale brown, with two pairs of muscle depressions medially. Epigyne (Fig. 4A, B):
wider than long, with oval structure (maybe a transformation of epigynal hood) be-
tween copulatory openings; copulatory openings posterolaterally located, opened later-
ally; copulatory ducts thick, twisted, strongly curved, with proximal accessory glands;
spermathecae indistinct; fertilization ducts lamellar, transversely extending.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam.

126 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Figure 3. Male palp of Chinattus logunovi sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral
D dorsal. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: E — embolus; PL — posterior lobe; RCA — retrolateral cym-
bial apophysis; RTA — retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD — sperm duct.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 127

Figure 4. Chinattus logunovi sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dor-
sal C holotype habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral E female paratype habitus, dorsal F holotype carapace, fron-
tal G holotype chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C=F). Abbreviations: AG — ac-
cessory gland; CD — copulatory duct; CO — copulatory opening; FD — fertilization duct; S — spermatheca.

128 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Genus Expoa Zabka, 1985

Type species. Eupoa prima Zabka, 1985 from Vietnam.

Comments. Eupoa is placed into the subfamily Eupoinae with other three genera
(Maddison 2015; Metzner 2023) and contains 14 leaf-litter dwellers mainly distrib-
uted in Southeast Asia (WSC 2023). The genus has high endemism and includes 11
species known only from a single country (WSC 2023). To date, three species have
been recorded from Vietnam, of which two are endemic and one of those is known
only from females.

Eupoa maidinhyeni sp. nov.
https://zoobank.org/26326AF6-A19C-45DD-A65D-F61D976C5309
Figs 5, 6

Type material. Holotype 3 (IZCAS-Ar44192), Vietnam: Ninh Binh Province: Cuc
Phuong National Park, Disturbed Forest (20°16.07'N, 105°42.04'E, ca. 250 m),
18.VIII.2007, D.S. Pham leg. Paratypes 19 (IZCAS-Ar44193), same data as holotype;
22 (IZCAS-Ar44 19444195), Cuc Phuong National Park (20°16.16'N, 105°41.32'E,
ca. 250 m), 9.V.2007, same collector; 12 (IZCAS-Ar44196), Cuc Phuong National
Park (20°23.12'N, 105°33.34'E, ca. 200 m), 7.VI.2007, same collector; 12 (IZCAS-
Ar44197), Disturbed Forest (20°22.27'N, 105°33.05'E, ca. 340 m), 6.XI.2007,
same collector; 14 (IZCAS-Ar44198), Cuc Phuong National Park (20°22.27'N,
105°33.05'E, ca. 200 m), 6.11.2008, same collector.

Etymology. The specific name is after ichthyologist Mai Dinh Yen, born in 1933
in Ba Vi, Hanoi; noun (name) in genitive case.

Diagnosis. Eupoa maidinhyeni sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from other
congeners by the well-developed CTA, which extends beyond the cymbial retromar-
gin in ventral view, the thick, sickle-shaped embolus, and the circled atrial ridges
(Figs 5C, 6A), whereas the CTA does not extend beyond the cymbial margin, the
embolus is slender, flagelliform, and lacks similar circled atrial ridges in the other spe-
cies (Metzner 2023).

Description. Male (Figs 5, 6C, D, F, G). Total length 2.13. Carapace 1.05 long,
0.93 wide. Abdomen 1.09 long, 0.72 wide. Clypeus 0.05 high. Eye sizes and inter-
distances: AME 0.30, ALE 0.21, PLE 0.18, AERW 0.99, PERW 0.85, EFL 0.57.
Legs: I 1.81 (0.55, 0.28, 0.40, 0.38, 0.20), II 1.58 (0.50, 0.25, 0.33, 0.30, 0.20), HI
1.61 (0.48, 0.25, 0.30, 0.38, 0.20), IV 2.14 (0.70, 0.28, 0.53, 0.43, 0.20). Carapace
longer than wide, pale to dark yellow except the sides of eye field and posterior eyes
bases dark, with pair of irregular dark patches medially on eye field, and longitudinal,
central, yellow patch extending across thorax; fovea indistinct. Chelicerae pale, with
two promarginal and four retromarginal teeth. Endites, sternum colored as chelicer-
ae. Labium slightly darker than endites. Legs pale to yellow, with one ventral spine on
tibiae I, and three pairs of ventral spines on metatarsi I. Abdomen elongated, dorsum
pale yellow to green-brown, covered wholly by scutum, with pair of longitudinal,

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 1PAS)

Figure 5. Male palp of Eupoa maidinhyeni sp. nov., holotype and paratype A holotype, prolateral B dit-
to, retrolateral C ditto, ventral D paratype bulb, apical. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: E — embolus;
CTA — compound terminal apophysis; MA — median apophysis; RFA — retrolateral femoral apophysis;
RPA — retrolateral patellar apophysis; RTA — retrolateral tibial apophysis; ‘TA — terminal apophysis.

130 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Figure 6. Eupoa maidinhyeni sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype A epigyne, ventral B vulva,
dorsal C holotype habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral E female paratype habitus, dorsal F holotype carapace,
frontal G holotype chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C-F). Abbreviations:
AR ~ atrial ridge; CD — copulatory duct; CO — copulatory opening; S — spermatheca.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 1 Boa

irregular, pale yellow stripes on ~ 3/4 of length, and separated by longitudinal, ir-
regular, green brown central stripes and followed by transverse, pale yellow, posterior
stripe; venter pale, without markings. Palp (Fig. 5A—D): femur longer than wide,
with L-shaped disto-retrolateral apophysis; patella slightly longer than wide, with
slender, curved, apically pointed retrolateral apophysis broadened proximally and
more than half cymbial length in retrolateral view; tibia very short, with flat, broad
retrolateral apophysis pointed apically; cymbium acutely tapered, strongly curved
ventrally at distal 1/4; bulb almost round in ventral view; MA extending retrolater-
ally, with membranous base, forming hook at distal end; TA flat, slightly curved me-
dially in ventral view, tapered to rather pointed tip distally; CTA strongly sclerotized,
originates from antero-prolateral portion of bulb, extending retrolaterally and be-
yond retrolateral cymbial margin distally; embolus long, partly invisible, circled and
sickle-shaped.

Female (Fig. 6A, B, E). Total length 2.44. Carapace 1.06 long, 0.96 wide.
Abdomen 1.38 long, 0.96 wide. Clypeus 0.05 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances:
AME-O.31, ALE 0:21, PLE O.18; AERW 1005: PERW.0:95,; EFL0.58. Legs: 11286
(0255,-0:28, 0:45, '0,38;-0;20),.IT 1.63:(0:50, 0:25,°0.35;.0:33, 0:20),-III-1.66-(0.50,
0.25, 0.33, 0.38, 0.20), IV 2.34 (0.75, 0.33, 0.58, 0.48, 0.20). Habitus (Fig. 6E)
similar to that of male except paler, without dorsal abdominal scutum, and with
three pairs of ventral spines on tibiae I. Epigyne (Fig. GA, B): wider than long, with
pair of round atria with circled, and arc-shaped ridges; copulatory openings posteri-
orly located, separated from each other by ~ 2x their width; copulatory ducts short,
bent medially, connected to mediolateral margins of spermathecae; spermathecae
elongate-oval.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam.

Eupoa maddisoni sp. nov.
https://zoobank.org/B701DBE1-7 1C0-4566-8505-28E1174B20BA
Figs 7, 8

Type material. Holotype 3 (IZCAS-Ar44199), VietNam: Vinh Phuc Province:
Tam Dao National Park (21°30.36'N, 105°33.49'E, ca. 440 m), 16.VII.2007, D.S.
Pham leg. Paratypes 32 (IZCAS-Ar44200-44202), same data as holotype; 19
(IZCAS-Ar44203), Tam Dao National Park (21°26.27'N, 105°37.41'E, ca. 310 m),
14.IV.2007, same collector; 1419 (IZCAS-Ar44204-44205), Tam Dao Nation-
al Park (21°31.57'N, 105°33.15'E, ca. 1010 m), 21.VIII.2007, same collector; 14
(IZCAS-Ar44206), Tam Dao National Park (21°31.53'N, 105°32.37'E, ca. 500 m),
18.X.2007, same collector.

Etymology. The specific name is a patronym in honor of Prof. Wayne P. Maddi-
son (Vancouver, Canada), a leading arachnologist in jumping spiders, who has made
significant contributions to the taxonomy of salticids worldwide; noun (name) in
genitive case.

12 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Figure 7. Male palp of Eupoa maddisoni sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D ven-
tro-retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: dTA — division of terminal apophysis; dRTA — dorso-
retrolateral tibial apophysis; E — embolus; MA — median apophysis; RFA — retrolateral femoral apophysis;
RPA — retrolateral patellar apophysis; RTA — retrolateral tibial apophysis; TA — terminal apophysis; VPA
— ventral patellar apophysis.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 135

hei!

Figure 8. Expoa maddisoni sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal
C holotype habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral E female paratype habitus, dorsal F holotype carapace, frontal
G holotype chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (CF). Abbreviations: AR — atrial
ridge; CD — copulatory duct; CO — copulatory opening; DP — dorsal epigynal plate; S — spermatheca.

134 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Diagnosis. The male of Eupoa maddisoni sp. nov. closely resembles E. nezha Mad-
dison & Zhang, 2007 in having a similar palp, especially the distally bifurcated RPA,
but it can be easily distinguished by the following: (1) the shorter ramus of the RPA
is ~ 1/2 the longer ramus length in retrolateral view (Fig. 7B), whereas it is < 1/10 of
the longer ramus length in E. nezha (Maddison et al. 2007: fig. 2); (2) the TA has a
curved dTA (Fig. 7C, D), whereas this is absent in E. nezha (Maddison et al. 2007:
figs 1, 3). The female of this new species resembles E. prima Zabka, 1985 in having
similar habitus markings and a similar epigyne, but it can be easily distinguished by
the spermathecae, which are oval and separated from each other by approximately their
width (Fig. 8B), whereas they are almost pyriform and touching in E. prima (Zabka
1985: fig. 169).

Description. Male (Figs 7, 8C, D, EF, G). Total length 1.60. Carapace 0.86 long
0.78 wide. Abdomen 0.78 long, 0.60 wide. Clypeus 0.05 high. Eye sizes and inter-dis-
tances: AME 0.24, ALE 0.16, PLE 0.14, AERW 0.79, PERW 0.73, EFL 0.49. Legs:
I 1.36 (0.43, 0.20, 0.30, 0.25, 0.18), II 1.27 (0.40, 0.18, 0.28, 0.23, 0.18), HII 1.24
(0.38, 0.18, 0.25, 0.25, 0.18), IV 1.69 (0.60, 0.23, 0.33, 0.33, 0.20). Carapace pale
to dark yellow except bilateral sides of eye field, and posterior eyes bases dark, covered
with white and pale setae, with pair of indistinct dark patches medially on eye field,
and tapered, longitudinal, sub-triangular patch extending from the middle of PMEs
to posterior margin; fovea indistinct. Chelicerae pale, with two promarginal and three
retromarginal teeth. Endites sub-square. Labium darker than chelicerae and endites.
Sternum almost heart-shaped, with straight anterior margin. Legs pale to green-
brown, with three pairs of ventral spines on metatarsi I. Abdomen elongated, dorsum
yellow to dark brown, with pair of longitudinal brown patches anteriorly followed by
three pairs of transverse, dark brown patches, covered entirely by scutum; venter pale,
without distinct markings. Palp (Fig. 7A—D): femur longer than wide, with blunt,
sub-triangular retrolateral apophysis; patella sclerotized, with sub-trapeziform ventral
apophysis, and distally bifurcated retrolateral apophysis acutely narrowed anterome-
dially, and with shorter ramus ~ 1/2 the longer ramus length; tibia short, with flat,
irregular retrolateral apophysis and tapered, apically pointed dorso-retrolateral apo-
physis; bulb sub-oval; MA elongated, forming small hook at distal end; TA complex,
with sclerotized, curved, basal division; embolus slender, flagelliform, partly visible.

Female (Fig. 8A, B, E). Total length 2.05. Carapace 0.91 long 0.83 wide. Abdo-
men 1.15 long, 0.91 wide. Clypeus 0.06 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME
0.25, ALE 0.17, PLE 0.15, AERW 0.83, PERW 0.80, EFL 0.51. Legs: I 1.83 (0.55,
0.30, 0.40, 0.38, 0.20), II 1.52 (0.45, 0.23, 0.30, 0.34, 0.20), III 1.49 (0.45, 0.20,
0.30, 0.34, 0.20), IV 2.09 (0.70, 0.25, 0.52, 0.40, 0.22). Habitus (Fig. 8E) simi-
lar to that of male except without dorsal abdominal scutum and with three pairs of
ventral spines on tibiae I. Epigyne (Fig. 8A, B): slightly wider than long, with large,
irregular atrium and rectangular dorsal plate; copulatory openings located anteriorly,
with C-shaped margins, separated from each other by ~ 3.5x the spermathecal width;

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 135

copulatory ducts long, following a complex path; spermathecae oval, separated from
each other ~ 3/4 of their width.
Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam.

Eupoa ninhbinh sp. nov.
https://zoobank.org/CDB9C82D-3D10-4841-9474-938CFEDDOAF9
Figs 9, 10

Type material. Holotype 3 (IZCAS-Ar44207), Vietnam: Ninh Binh Province:
Cuc Phuong National Park, 1-30.XII.2007, D.S. Pham leg. Paratype 1¢ (IZCAS-
Ar44208), Cuc Phuong National Park, 1-30.VII.2007, D.S. Pham leg.

Etymology. ‘The species is named after the type locality; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. Eupoa ninhbinh sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from other con-
geners by the presence of a large, baso-retrolateral femoral spine on the male palp
(Fig. 9B), which is absent in all others (Metzner 2023).

Description. Male (Figs 9, 10). Total length 2.01. Carapace 0.97 long 0.92 wide.
Abdomen 0.99 long, 0.67 wide. Clypeus 0.07 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME
0.28; ALE'019; .PLE0:16, ABRW 0.95 2PERW. 0.80; EFL.0.55. "Legs: 1.72+(0:533
0.28, 0.40, 0.33, 0.18), Il 1.42 (0.43, 0.25, 0.28, 0.28, 0.18), III 1.47 (0.43, 0.23,
0.28, 0.35, 0.18), IV 2.04 (0.68, 0.28, 0.48, 0.40, 0.20). Carapace yellow to dark
brown, with indistinct patch medially on eye field, and tapered, central, longitudinal,
yellow patch extending across thorax; fovea indistinct. Chelicerae pale, with one or two
promarginal and five retromarginal teeth. Endites, labium, sternum colored as cheli-
cerae. Legs pale to green-brown, with one and three pairs of ventral spines on tibiae I
and metatarsi I, respectively. Abdomen elongated, dorsum dark brown, with longitudi-
nal, central stripe anteriorly, three pairs of yellow spots laterally, and quadrangular yel-
low patch posteriorly, covered entirely by scutum; venter pale. Palp (Fig. 9A—D): femur
enlarged, with apically pointed baso-retrolateral spine more than half its length; patella
sclerotized, with flat, broad retrolateral apophysis bearing sub-trapeziform division at
base of posterior margin, and spine-shaped inner division; tibia short, with flat retro-
lateral apophysis and short, tapered dorsal apophysis with slightly pointed tip; bulb
swollen, almost oval; MA slender, membranous at base, curved medially, forming hook
at distal end; TA well-developed, irregularly-shaped; embolus slender, flagelliform.

Female. Unknown.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam.

Comments. The species is only known from the male, so there is a possibility that
it is conspecific with one of two described species (Eupoa daklak Logunov & Marusik,
2014 and E. hainanensis Peng & Kim, 1997) that are also known only from females.
However, E. ninhbinh sp. nov. has specific habitus markings (see description) that dif-
fer from these two species.

136 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Figure 9. Male palp of Eupoa ninhbinh sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D ven-
tro-retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: DTA — dorsal tibial apophysis; E — embolus; MA
— median apophysis; RPA — retrolateral patellar apophysis; RTA — retrolateral tibial apophysis; TA — ter-

minal apophysis.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 137

Figure 10. Exupoa ninhbinh sp. nov., holotype A habitus, dorsal B ditto, ventral C carapace, frontal
D chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (D); 0.5 mm (A=C).

Eupoa zabkai sp. nov.
https://zoobank.org/FOFE9234-552F-49EA-8E5A-119D3906FC4D
Bissell -al-2

Type material. Holotype 3 (IZCAS-Ar44209), VietNam: Vinh Phuc Province: Tam
Dao National Park (21°30.52'N, 105°34.26'E, ca. 510 m), 19.IX.2007, D.S. Pham
leg. Paratypes 12° (IZCAS-Ar44210), same data as holotype; 12 (IZCAS-Ar44211),
Tam Dao National Park (21°29.43'N, 105°37.01'E, ca. 1080 m), 12.1V.2007, same
collector; 24 (IZCAS-Ar44212-44213), Tam Dao National Park (21°31.25'N,
105°33.50'E, ca. 690 m), 13.VI1.2007, same collector; 29 (IZCAS-Ar44214—-44215),
Tam Dao National Park (21°29.03'N, 105°37.19'E, ca. 790 m), 18.VII.2007, same
collector; 19 (IZCAS-Ar44216), Tam Dao National Park (21°29.23'N, 105°37.20'E,
ca. 870 m), 19.VII.2007, same collector; 12 (IZCAS-Ar44217), Tam Dao Na-
tional Park (21°28.34'N, 105°38.09'E, ca. 1010 m), 22.VIII.2007, same collec-
tor; 12 (IZCAS-Ar44218), Tam Dao National Park (21°29.03'N, 105°37.19'E, ca.
790 m), 17.X.2007, same collector; 12 (IZCAS-Ar44219), Tam Dao National Park
(21°30.52'N, 105°34.26'E, ca. 510 m), 13.X1.2007, same collector.

138 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Figure I 1. Male palp of Eupoa zabkai sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D ventro-
retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: DTA — dorsal tibial apophysis; E— embolus; MA — median
apophysis; RFA — retrolateral femoral apophysis; RPA — retrolateral patellar apophysis; RTA — retrolateral
tibial apophysis; TA — terminal apophysis; VPA — ventral patellar apophysis.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 139)

Figure | 2. Eupoa zabkai sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dor-

sal D holotype habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F female paratype habitus, dorsal G holotype carapace, fron-
tal H holotype chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A=C, H); 0.5 mm (D-G). Abbreviations: AR —
atrial ridge; CD — copulatory duct; CO — copulatory opening; DP — dorsal epigynal plate; S — spermatheca.

140 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Etymology. The species name is a patronym in honor of Prof. Marek Zabka (Siedlce,
Poland), a leading arachnologist in jumping spiders, who contributed significantly to
the taxonomy of jumping spiders from Vietnam; noun (name) in genitive case.

Diagnosis. The male of Eupoa zabkai sp. nov. resembles E. jingwei Maddison &
Zhang, 2007 in the general shape of palp, but it can easily be distinguished by the
presence of an RFA (Fig. 11B), whereas it is absent in E. jingwei (Maddison et al.
2007: fig. 9). The species also resembles FE. prima Zabka, 1985, but it differs in: (1) the
RPA being shorter than the patella in retrolateral view and with a short, inner division
(Fig. 11B—D), but the RPA is almost 1.5x longer than the patella and lacks an inner
division in E. prima (Zabka 1985: figs 161-163); (2) the epigyne has a dorsal plate
(Fig. 12B, C), whereas this is indistinct in E. prima (Zabka 1985: fig. 169); (3) the
copulatory ducts are connected to the base of the spermathecae (Fig. 12B, C), whereas
in E. prima, they are lateral to the spermathecae (Zabka 1985: fig. 169).

Description. Male (Figs 11, 12D, E, G, H). Total length 2.87. Carapace 1.37
long 1.26 wide. Abdomen 1.53 long, 1.03 wide. Clypeus 0.09 high. Eye sizes and
inter-distances: AME 0.41, ALE 0.28, PLE 0.16, AERW 1.31, PERW 1.15, EFL 0.76.
Legs: I 2.37 (0.73, 0.38, 0.55, 0.48, 0.23), II 2.07 (0.63, 0.33, 0.45, 0.43, 0.23), HI
2.02 (0.58, 0.30, 0.43, 0.48, 0.23), IV 2.99 (0.93, 0.38, 0.80, 0.63, 0.25). Cara-
pace elevated, pale to brown except bilateral sides of eye field and posterior eyes bases
dark; fovea indistinct. Chelicerae yellow, with two promarginal and four retromarginal
teeth. Endites, labium and sternum paler than chelicerae. Legs pale to yellow, with
one ventral spine on tibiae I and three pairs of ventral spines on metatarsi I. Abdo-
men elongate-oval, dorsum yellow to brown, with three longitudinal stripes anteri-
orly, followed by alternating transverse brown and yellow stripes, covered entirely by
scutum; venter pale. Palp (Fig. 11A—D): femur enlarged, with sub-square retrolateral
apophysis bearing finger-shaped antero-marginal division; patella sclerotized, longer
than wide; RPA well-developed, broadened medially, with irregular distal division and
short, bar-shaped inner division; tibia short, with flat, broad, irregularly-shaped ret-
rolateral apophysis and triangular dorsal apophysis with pointed tip; bulb swollen,
almost oval; MA weakly sclerotized at base, slightly curved medially, hooked distally;
TA well-developed, irregularly-shaped, > 4x longer than wide, forming ridge distally;
embolus long, flagelliform.

Female (Fig. 12A—C, F). Total length 2.81. Carapace 1.29 long 1.17 wide. Abdo-
men 1.67 long, 1.29 wide. Clypeus 0.08 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.38,
ALE 0.26, PLE 0.21, AERW 1.22, PERW 1.08, EFL 0.69. Legs: I 2.57 (0.78, 0.43,
0.63, 0.50, 0.23), II 2.15 (0.68, 0.33, 0.48, 0.43, 0.23), III 2.19 (0.68, 0.33, 0.45,
0.50, 0.23), IV 3.34 (1.10, 0.43, 0.88, 0.68, 0.25). Habitus (Fig. 12F) similar to that of
male except without dorsal abdominal scutum, and with three pairs of ventral spines on
tibiae I. Epigyne (Fig. 12A—C): slightly wider than long, with pair of antero-marginal
depressions, large, irregular atrium, and linguiform dorsal plate; copulatory openings
anteriorly located, separated from each other by more than atrial width, with C-shaped
margins; copulatory ducts long, forming complex coils, connected to base of sper-
mathecae; spermathecae sub-oval, separated from each other by ~ 2/3 of their width.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 141

Genus Indopadilla Caleb & Sankaran, 2019

Type species. /ndopadilla darjeeling Caleb & Sankaran, 2019 from India.

Comments. /ndopadilla is placed in the tribe Baviini with four other genera and
is represented by 14 species distributed in tropical Asia (Maddison et al. 2020; WSC
2023). The genus is rather well studied, but more than half (8) of the species are known
only from a single sex, indicating it needs further attention (WSC 2023). To date, only
one species has been recorded from Vietnam.

Indopadilla cuc sp. nov.
https://zoobank.org/80587 BFF-739C-4B8E-8658-DA569E9705B4
Figs 13, 14

Type material. Holotype 3 (IZCAS-Ar44220), Vietnam: Ninh Binh Province: Cuc
Phuong National Park, Disturbed Forest (20°15.30'N, 105°42.55'E, ca. 250 m),
18.VIII.2007, D.S. Pham leg. Paratypes 12 (IZCAS-Ar44221), same data as holo-
type; 14 (IZCAS-Ar44222), Cuc Phuong National Park (20°21.44'N, 105°34.21'E,
ca. 410 m), 2.IV.2007, same collector; 12 (IZCAS-Ar44223), same site and collector as
holotype, 3. V1.2007; 12 (IZCAS-Ar44224), Cuc Phuong National Park (20°21.22'N,
105°37.03'E, ca. 440 m), 5.VI.2007, same collector; 12 (IZCAS-Ar44225), Cuc
Phuong National Park (20°20.23'N, 105°36.23’'E, ca. 390 m), 5.VIH.2007, same col-
lector; 1d (IZCAS-Ar44226), Cuc Phuong National Park (20°19.45'N, 105°37.30'E,
ca. 270 m), 20.VII.2008, S. Li leg.

Etymology. ‘The species is named after the type locality; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. [ndopadilla cuc sp. nov. closely resembles 1. annamita (Simon, 1903) in
the habitus and copulatory organs, but it can be easily distinguished by the following:
(1) the embolus is sheet-shaped and without an accompanying membranous division
(Fig. 13A), whereas the embolus is spine-shaped and accompanied by a membranous
division in Z. annamita (Zabka 1988: fig. 46); (2) the RTA is tapered and < 1/3 the tibial
length in retrolateral view (Fig. 13B), whereas the RTA is broadened anteromedially and
> 1/2 the tibial length in L. annamita (Zabka 1988: fig. 47); (3) the epigyne has a poste-
rior, half-round hood ~ 4/5 of the spermathecal width (Fig. 14A), whereas the epigyne
has a broad hood > 2x the spermathecal width in 1. annamita (Zabka 1988: fig. 50).

Description. Male (Figs 13, 14C, D, FE, G). Total length 6.15. Carapace 2.68 long
2.18 wide. Abdomen 3.42 long, 1.38 wide. Clypeus 0.09 high. Eye sizes and inter-
distances: AME 0.71, ALE 0.34, PLE 0.32, AERW 1.88, PERW 1.85, EFL 1.26.
Legs 7296705339 V2.5 52.13, °15550.7 0), 10 S51 o°Cl.60) 0-885 11815010043) 5T
4.78 (1.50, 0.75, 0.88, 1.15, 0.50), IV 5.88 (1.80, 0.75, 1.30, 1.53, 0.50). Carapace
red-brown, with pair of dark spots medio-posteriorly on eye field, and fan-shaped yel-
low area anteromedially on thorax, covered with brown, thin setae; fovea red-brown,
longitudinal, linear. Chelicerae yellow, with four promarginal and seven retromarginal
teeth. Endites longer than wide, broadened distally. Labium darker than endites. Ster-
num ~ 1.5x longer than wide. Legs pale to brown, with dense setae ventrally on pa-

142 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Figure 13. Male palp of /ndopadilla cuc sp. nov., holotype A ventral B retrolateral © dorsal. Scale bars:

0.1 mm. Abbreviations: E— embolus; PL — posterior lobe; RTA — retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD — sperm duct.

tellae I and tibiae I, three and two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae I and metatarsi I,
respectively. Abdomen elongated, dorsum brown, with two pairs of muscle depressions
anteromedially, and followed by four pale inverted V-shaped stripes; venter pale, with
pair of longitudinal, dotted lines medially. Palp (Fig. 13A—C): tibia slightly longer
than wide, with strongly sclerotized, tapered retrolateral apophysis ~ 1/3 tibial length,
with pointed tip almost directed anteriorly in retrolateral view; cymbium longer than
wide; bulb swollen medio-posteriorly, with blunt posterior lobe extending postero-
retrolaterally; embolus broad, flat, originates from antero-prolateral portion of bulb,
forming semi-circular notch at distal margin.

Female (Fig. 14A, B, E). Total length 6.32. Carapace 2.61 long 2.07 wide. Abdo-
men 3.75 long, 1.46 wide. Clypeus 0.09 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME
0°71 ALE 10 33 @PEE 0°32; AE RW 188; PERW 1:82, EEL. 025: Lees 5:43:(1265,
1.03, 1.30, 0.95, 0.50), II 4.41 (1.30, 0.80, 1.05, 0.78, 0.48), III 3.99 (1.18, 0.68,
0.75, 0.90, 0.48), IV 5.28 (1.53, 0.75, 1.20, 1.30, 0.50). Habitus (Fig. 14E) similar
to that of male except with darker carapace. Epigyne (Fig. 14A, B): slightly wider

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 143

Figure 14. [ndopadilla cuc sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal
C holotype habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral E female paratype habitus, dorsal F holotype carapace, frontal
G holotype chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 1.0 mm (CF). Abbreviations: AG — ac-
cessory gland; CD — copulatory duct; CO — copulatory opening; FD — fertilization duct; H — epigynal

hood; S — spermatheca.

144 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

than long, with posterior, half-round hood close to epigastric furrow; copulatory open-
ings elongated, slit-shaped, posterolaterally located; copulatory ducts strongly curved,
with transversely extending accessory glands; spermathecae almost round, anteriorly
located, partly overlapping; fertilization ducts originate from inner sides of posterior
sub-margins of spermathecae, extending transversely.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam.

Genus Synagelides Strand, 1906

Type species. Synagelides agoriformis Strand, 1906 from Japan.

Comments. The ant-like genus Synagelides is placed into the tribe Agoriini with
the genus Agorius and is represented by 67 species mainly distributed in East and
Southeast Asia (WSC 2023). The genus is unique for the male palp has a triangular
femoral apophysis, an enlarged patella and a well-developed median apophysis retro-
lateral to the embolus. Most species of Synagelides can be further categorized into sev-
eral groups according to their morphological features (Wang et al. 2020). The highest
diversity of the genus occurs in China, but many undescribed species have also been
found in our additional samples, indicating that the true diversity of the genus will
increase. To date, only one species has been recorded from Vietnam.

Synagelides ani sp. nov.
https://zoobank.org/2287FAE1-D406-4070-B8EA-6688BDF6951D
Figs 15, 16

Type material. Holotype ¢ (IZCAS-Ar44227), Viernam: Vinh Phuc Province:
Tam Dao National Park (21°28.34'N, 105°38.09'E, ca. 1010 m), 13.VI.2007, D.S.
Pham leg. Paratypes 1429 (IZCAS-Ar44228-44230), same data as holotype; 3422
(IZCAS-Ar44231-44235), Tam Dao National Park (21°27.53'N, 105°38.51'E,
ca. 1080 m), 17.V.2007, same collector; 32 (IZCAS-Ar44236-44238), Tam Dao
National Park (21°29.43'N, 105°37.01'E, ca. 1080 m), 19.VIII.2007, same col-
lector; 12 (IZCAS-Ar44239), Tam Dao National Park (21°29.23'N, 105°37.23’'E,
ca. 870 m), 21.VIII.2007, same collector; 129 (IZCAS-Ar44240), Tam Dao Na-
tional Park (21°30.52'N, 105°34.26'E, ca. 510 m), 17.X.2007, same collector; 2°
(IZCAS-Ar4424 144242), Tam Dao National Park (21°28.34'N, 105°38.09'E, ca.
1010 m), 15.I.2008, same collector; 12 (IZCAS-Ar44243), Tam Dao National Park
(21°27.53'N, 105°38.51'E, ca 1080 m), 12.II1.2008, same collector.

Etymology. The specific name is after one of the most popular surnames (An) in
Vietnam; noun (name) in genitive case.

Diagnosis. The male of Synagelides ani sp. nov. closely resembles S. leigongensis
Wang, Mi, Irfan & Peng, 2020 in having a very similar palp, especially the needle-
shaped division of the RTA, but it can be easily distinguished by the RTA, which is

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 145

acutely narrowed distally to a rather pointed tip and with a straight needle-shaped
division in retrolateral view (Fig. 15B), but the RTA is blunt apically with a curved,
needle-shaped division in S. leigongensis (Wang et al. 2020: fig. 5B). The female of
this new species resembles S. xingdouensis Wang, Mi, Irfan & Peng, 2020 in hav-
ing longitudinally extending spermathecae, but it can be easily distinguished by the
following: (1) the presence of an epigynal hood (Fig. 16A, B), which is absent in
S. xingdouensis (Wang et al. 2020: fig. 16A, B); (2) the atrium is as wide as the epi-
gyne (Fig. 16A, B), whereas it is ~ 1/3 the epigynal width in S. xingdouensis (Wang
et al. 2020: fig. 16A, B).

Description. Male (Figs 15, 16D, E, G, H). Total length 3.94. Carapace 1.98
long 1.40 wide. Abdomen 2.04 long, 1.02 wide. Clypeus 0.02 high. Eye sizes and
inter-distances: AME 0.48, ALE 0.26, PLE 0.26, AERW 1.35, PERW 1.33, EFL 1.07.
Legs: 1 5.94 (1.88, 1.75, 1.33, 0.63, 0.35), II 3.40 (1.01, 0.50, 0.83, 0.73, 0.33), HI
3.46 (0.98, 0.50, 0.80, 0.85, 0.33), IV 4.53 (1.25, 0.65, 1.20, 1.08, 0.35). Carapace
stippled, yellow-red to dark, covered with white and brown setae, with pair of irregu-
lar dark patches anteromedially on eye field; fovea oval. Chelicerae yellow, with two
promarginal teeth and one retromarginal fissidental tooth with two cusps. Endites
red-yellow, almost square, bearing dense setae on paler inner margins. Labium colored
as endites, almost linguiform. Sternum red-yellow, longer than wide, almost shield-
shaped. Legs yellow except femora I red-brown, with seven (2-2-2-1) and two spines
on tibiae I and metatarsi I, respectively. Abdomen elongated, dorsum yellow to dark
brown, with longitudinal, sub-trapeziform patch anteriorly, pair of muscle depressions,
two transverse, yellow stripes medially, and two clusters of white setae mediolaterally;
venter yellow to brown, with dotted lines medially. Palp (Fig. 15A—E): femur longer
than wide, with triangular disto-prolateral apophysis; patella enlarged, longer than
wide; tibia short, with sclerotized, sub-triangular PTA, and robust RTA with dolphin-
shaped longitudinal part, and membranous, needle-shaped inner division; cymbium
longer than wide in ventral view; bulb swollen; embolus twisted, tapered; MA scle-
rotized, irregular, retrolateral to embolus, with small processes distally.

Female (Fig. 16A—C, F). Total length 5.39. Carapace 2.29 long 1.61 wide. Abdo-
men 3.14 long, 1.57 wide. Clypeus 0.02 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME
0:53;, ALE"0:31) PLEO:315 AERW 1.64,,PERW. 1:63, EFL 1739: Legs:-1'5.1401:63;
12505. 1185.0:50; 0:33), I 3:67 (08, 0:55,.0°88, 0:79, 0:38) salle3 92 CL 105 0:55,
0.88, 1.01, 0.38), IV 5.28 (1.38, 0.75, 1.40, 1.35, 0.40). Habitus (Fig. 16F) similar
to that of male except paler and without distinct dark patches on eye field. Epigyne
(Fig. 16A—C): wider than long, with small, broad, central hood; atrium oval, separated
by the broad, irregularly-shaped median septum, with pair of arc-shaped lateral ridges;
copulatory openings beneath the base of atrial ridges; copulatory ducts straight, trans-
versely extending at proximal half, continuing, slightly curving and followed by invis-
ible parts; spermathecae longitudinal extending, ~ 2.5x longer than wide, touched,
tapered posteriorly; fertilization ducts originate from anterior portions of spermathe-
cae, lamellar.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Vinh Phuc, Vietnam.

146 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Figure 15. Male palp of Synagelides ani sp. nov., holotype and paratype A holotype, prolateral B ditto,
retrolateral C ditto, ventral D ditto, dorsal E paratype tibia, prolatero-apical. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Ab-
breviations: DCA — dorsal cymbial apophysis; E — embolus; MA — median apophysis; PTA — prolateral
tibial apophysis; RTA — retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD — sperm duct; VTA — ventral tibial apophysis.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 147

Figure 16. Synagelides ani sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dor-
sal D holotype habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F female paratype habitus, dorsal G holotype carapace, frontal
H holotype leg I, prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A=C); 0.5 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: AR — atrial ridge;
CD — copulatory duct; FD — fertilization duct; MS — median septum; H — epigynal hood; S — spermatheca.

148 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Synagelides mii sp. nov.
https://zoobank.org/6529AA87-36A3-4706-8D0 1-E5C861A054D3
Figs 17, 18

Type material. Holotype 3 (IZCAS-Ar44244), Vietnam: Ninh Binh Province: Cuc
Phuong National Park, Disturbed Forest (20°16.07'N, 105°42.04'E, ca. 250 m),
18.VIII.2007, D.S. Pham leg. Paratypes 1319 (IZCAS-Ar44245-44246), same
data as holotype; 13 (IZCAS-Ar44247), Cuc Phuong National Park, 1-30.IV.2007,
same collector; 14 (IZCAS-Ar44248), Cuc Phuong National Park (20°15.30'N,
105°42.55'E, ca. 250 m), 8.V.2007, same collector; 34°39. (IZCAS-Ar44249-44254),
Cuc Phuong National Park (20°19.58'N, 105°37.38'E, ca. 300 m), 3.VII.2007, same
collector; 39 (IZCAS-Ar44255-44257), Cuc Phuong National Park (20°17.07'N,
105°40.25'E, ca. 270 m), 6.VII.2007, same collector; 12 (IZCAS-Ar44258), Cuc
Phuong National Park (20°17.07'N, 105°40.25'E, ca. 270 m), 9.X.2007, same col-
lector; 19 (IZCAS-Ar44259), Cuc Phuong National Park (20°16.07'N, 105°42.04'E,
ca. 250 m), 6.XI.2007, same collector; 1412 (IZCAS-Ar44260—44261), Cuc Phuong
National Park (20°23.16'N, 105°32.03'E, ca. 200 m), 7.XI.2007, same collector; 13
(IZCAS-Ar44262), Cuc Phuong National Park (20°22.27'N, 105°33.05'E, ca. 380 m),
8.1.2008, same collector; 24 (IZCAS-Ar44263-44264), Cuc Phuong National Park
(20°15.30'N, 105°42.55'E, ca. 250 m), 6.11.2008, same collector.

Etymology. The specific name is a patronym after Prof. Xiaogi Mi (Tongren, Chi-
na), who help us greatly with this taxonomic study; noun (name) in genitive case.

Diagnosis. The male of Synagelides mii sp. nov. resembles that of S. tangi Liu,
Chen, Xiao, Xu & Peng, 2017 in having a similar RTA, but it can be easily distin-
guished by the presence of a DTA and by the blunt PCA (Fig. 17A, B), whereas a DTA
is absent and the PCA is pointed in S. zangi (Liu et al. 2017: figs 5G, 6D). The female
of this new species resembles that of S. leigongensis Wang, Mi, Irfan & Peng, 2020
in having very large, transversely extending spermathecae, but it can be easily distin-
guished by the following: (1) the presence of an epigynal hood (Fig. 18A, B), which is
absent in S. leigongensis (Wang et al. 2020: fig. 6A); (2) the spermathecae extend ante-
rolaterally (Fig. 18B, C), whereas they extend posterolaterally in S. leigongensis (Wang
et al. 2020: fig. GC).

Description. Male (Figs 17, 18D, E, G, H). Total length 3.31. Carapace 1.54
long 1.08 wide. Abdomen 1.83 long, 0.88 wide. Clypeus 0.02 high. Eye sizes and
inter-distances: AME 0.38, ALE 0.22, PLE 0.20, AERW 1.08, PERW 1.08, EFL 0.92.
Legs: 1 4.07 (1.25, 1.10, 1.01, 0.43, 0.28), Il 2.51 (0.70, 0.38, 0.60, 0.50, 0.33), HI
2.64 (0.73, 0.38, 0.60, 0.60, 0.33), IV 3.39 (0.90, 0.43, 0.88, 0.83, 0.35). Carapace
stippled, dark yellow to red-yellow, covered with pale, thin setae and white scale se-
tae, with pair of longitudinal, dark patches mediolaterally on eye field; fovea oval.
Chelicerae yellow, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Endites
colored as chelicerae, with pale inner margins. Labium dark brown, almost linguiform.
Sternum almost shield-shaped. Legs pale to yellow except femora I and IV brown to
red-brown, with three and two spines on tibiae I and metatarsi I, respectively. Abdo-
men elongated, dorsum red-brown, with transverse, white stripe of setae medially and

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 149

Ee

Figure 17. Male palp of Synagelides mii sp. nov., holotype and paratype A holotype, prolateral B ditto, ret-
rolateral C ditto, ventral D ditto, dorsal E paratype embolus and median apophysis, retrolateral. Scale bars:
0.1 mm. Abbreviations: DTA — dorsal tibial apophysis; E— embolus; MA — median apophysis; PCA — prolat-
eral cymbial apophysis; RTA — retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD — sperm duct; VTA — ventral tibial apophysis.

150 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Figure 18. Synagelides mii sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva,
dorsal D holotype habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F female paratype habitus, dorsal G holotype carapace,
frontal H holotype leg I, prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-C); 0.5 mm (D-H). Abbreviations: AG — ac-
cessory gland; CD — copulatory duct; CO — copulatory opening; FD — fertilization duct; H — epigynal
hood; S — spermatheca.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 11

several transverse dotted lines posteriorly; venter brown. Palp (Fig. 17A—E): femur
longer than wide, with triangular, prolateral apophysis; patella enlarged, longer than
wide; tibia wider than long, with disciform VTA in retrolateral view, flat RTA curved
anteroventrally, and blunt apically, and sclerotized, triangular DTA; cymbium longer
than wide; bulb swollen, with sperm ducts extending along margin; embolus tapered,
twisted; MA elongated, with spine-shaped processes on retrolateral portion of distal
half and anterior margin.

Female (Fig. 18A—C, F). Total length 3.88. Carapace 1.57 long 1.14 wide. Abdo-
men 2.24 long, 1.10 wide. Clypeus 0.02 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME
0.40; ALE:0:23, PLE 0.22; AERW I.19,. PERW 1.17, EFL 1:02. Legs: b3.13-(0:95,
0.80, 0.75, 0.38, 0.25), Il 2.59 (0.75, 0.40, 0.63, 0.53, 0.28), III 2.69 (0.75, 0.38,
0.63, 0.65, 0.28), IV 3.56 (0.93, 0.50, 0.95, 0.88, 0.30). Habitus (Fig. 18F) similar to
that of male except without transverse, white stripe of setae medially on dorsum of ab-
domen. Epigyne (Fig. 18A—C): slightly wider than long, with broad, medio-posteriorly
located, posteriorly opened hood; copulatory openings located anteriorly, separated
from each other by less than hood width; copulatory ducts thick, short, with terminal
accessory glands, connected to the middle of anterior margins of spermathecae; sper-
mathecae oval, touching, extending anterolaterally; fertilization ducts originate from
antero-inner margins of spermathecae, extending transversely.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam.

Synagelides pengi sp. nov.
https://zoobank.org/6AD3717E-0CA2-46C3-AD99-21902980E776
Fig. 19

Type material. Holotype 2 (IZCAS-Ar44265), Viernam: Ha Giang Province: Vi
Xuyen County, Ha Giang National Forest, 14.VIII.2002, D.S. Pham leg. Paratypes
22 UIZCAS-Ar44266-44267), same data as holotype.

Etymology. The species name is a patronym in honor of Prof. Xianjin Peng
(Changsha, China), who has made significant contributions to the taxonomy of Chi-
nese salticid spiders; noun (name) in genitive case.

Diagnosis. Synagelides pengi sp. nov. resembles S. yinae Liu, Chen, Xu & Peng,
2017 in having similarity-shaped copulatory ducts and spermathecae, but it can be eas-
ily distinguished by the following: (1) the distance between hood and atrium is almost
equal to the atrial length (Fig. 19A), whereas almost equal to one-third the atrial length
in S. yinae (Liu et al. 2017: figs 7C, 8A); (2) the epigynal hood is almost triangular
(Fig. 19A), whereas almost tubiform in S. yinae (Liu et al. 2017: figs 7C, 8A).

Description. Female (Fig. 19). Total length 5.07. Carapace 2.18 long, 1.59 wide.
Abdomen 2.82 long, 1.44 wide. Clypeus 0.04 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME
0.47, ALE 0.29, PLE 0.28, AERW 1.46, PERW 1.62, EFL 1.18. Legs: I 5.61 (1.70,
1.50, 1.43, 0.63, 0.35), II 3.82 (1.13, 0.58, 0.93, 0.80, 0.38), III 4.00 (1.13, 0.53, 0.95,
1.01, 0.38), IV 5.45 (1.50, 0.70, 1.50, 1.35, 0.40). Carapace stippled, yellow, with pair of

indistinct, pale brown patches located at anterior 1/3 of eye field, covered with pale thin

ly?) Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Figure 19. Synagelides pengi sp. nov., female holotype A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C habitus,
dorsal D ditto, lateral E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior H leg I, retrolateral. Scale
bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C=F, H). Abbreviations: AG — accessory gland; AR — atrial ridge; CD —
copulatory duct; CO — copulatory opening; FD — fertilization duct; MS — median septum; H — epigynal
hood; S — spermatheca.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 153

setae anteriorly; fovea oval, between the PLEs. Chelicerae pale yellow, with two promar-
ginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Labium colored as chelicerae, with paler inner
margins bearing brown, thin setae. Endites wider than long, covered with several brown
setae anteriorly. Sternum nearly shield-shaped. Legs yellow, more or less intermingled with
brown, with five and two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae and metatarsi I, respectively.
Abdomen elongated, dorsum yellow to brown, with pair of indistinct muscle depressions
followed by pair of spots, pair of oblique lines, and several transverse, arc-shaped, pale
stripes; venter pale, with pair of brown lines medially on anterior half. Epigyne (Fig. 19A,
B): longer than wide, with triangular anterior hood distant from copulatory opening;
atrium oval, with pair of arc-shaped posterolateral atrial ridges, separated by a sub-square
median septum; copulatory openings located posterolaterally, separated by ~ 3x width of
hood; copulatory ducts long, S-shaped, with pair of elongated, terminal accessory glands;
spermathecae elongate-oval, ~ 1.5x longer than wide, touching; fertilization ducts origi-
nate from anterior portions of spermathecae, curved 90° before extending transversely.

Male. Unknown.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Ha Giang Province, Vietnam.

Comments. According to morphological features, the species shares a similar habitus
and epigyne with S. forkiforma Yang, Zhu & Song, 2007, S. hamatus Zhu, Zhang, Zhang
& Chen, 2005, S. jingzhao Yang, Zhu & Song, 2007, S. datus Li, Wang & Peng, 2021,
S. lushanensis Xie & Yin, 1990, S. triangulus Li, Wang & Peng, 2021, S. wuliangensis
Wang, Mi, Irfan & Peng, 2020, and S. yinae Liu, Chen, Xu & Peng, 2017, and they could
be assigned into an un-described group, recognized by the female having anterior epigynal
hood, S-shaped copulatory ducts, oval or elongate-oval spermathecae, and the male palp
with spine-shaped RTA and paliform DTA (or BTA described in Li et al. 2021). Despite
the fact that the species is only known from females, we are confident in describing it as
new because there is no congener known only from males among those species.

Synagelides sancha sp. nov.
https://zoobank.org/9394A3E8-661A-41C6-BBB0-FBC09721922F
Figs 20, 21

Type material. Holotype 3 (IZCAS-Ar44268), VietNam: Vinh Phuc Province: Tam
Dao National Park (21°31.50'N, 105°33.43'E, ca. 1060 m), 16.V.2007, D.S. Pham
leg. Paratypes 79. (IZCAS-Ar44269-44275), same data as holotype; 1429 (IZCAS-
Ar44276-44278), Tam Dao National Park (21°28.34'N, 105°38.09'E, ca. 1010 m),
19.IX.2007, same collector; 2622 (IZCAS-Ar44279-44282), Hai Phong Province:
Cat Ba National Park (20°47.71'N, 107°01.23'E, ca. 130 m), 24.V.2007, same collector;
2422 (IZCAS-Ar44283-44286), Cat Ba National Park (20°48.26'N, 107°00.58'E,
ca. 130 m), 27.VII.2007, same collector; 1622 (IZCAS-Ar44287-44289), Cat Ba
National Park (20°48.08'N, 107°00.21'E, ca. 120 m), 27.VIII.2007, same collector;
32 (IZCAS-Ar44290-44292), Cat Ba National Park (20°46.59'N, 107°01.03’E, ca.
100 m), 26.IX.2007, same collector; 14 (IZCAS-Ar44293), Cat Ba National Park
(20°48.08'N, 107°00.21'E, ca. 120 m), 23.1.2008, same collector.

154 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Ce ~~ D

XX

Figure 20. Male palp of Synagelides sancha sp. nov., holotype and paratype A holotype, prolateral B dit-
to, retrolateral C ditto, ventral D ditto, dorsal E paratype embolus and median apophysis, retrolateral.
Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: DCA — dorsal cymbial apophysis; E — embolus; MA — median apo-
physis; PCA — prolateral cymbial apophysis; PTA — prolateral tibial apophysis; RCA — retrolateral cymbial
apophysis; RTA — retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD — sperm duct; VTA — ventral tibial apophysis.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 155

Figure 21. Synagelides sancha sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype A, B epigyne, ventral
C, D vulva, dorsal E holotype habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral G female paratype habitus, dorsal H holo-
type carapace, frontal I holotype leg I, prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A=D); 0.5 mm (E-=l). Abbrevia-
tions: AG — accessory gland; AR — atrial ridge; CO — copulatory opening; FD — fertilization duct; MS

— median septum; H — epigynal hood; S — spermatheca.

156 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Etymology. The specific name comes from the Chinese pinyin san cha (trident)
and refers to the trifurcate RTA; noun.

Diagnosis. The male of Synagelides sancha sp. nov. can be easily distinguished
from other congeners by the trifurcate RTA (Fig. 20B, C), whereas it is bifurcated or
lacking branches in other species (Metzner 2023). The female of this new species re-
sembles S. subgambosus Wang, Mi, Irfan & Peng, 2020 in having a similar epigyne, but
it can be distinguished by the following: (1) the presence of a posterior epigynal hood
(Fig. 21A, B), which is lacking and instead replaced by an epigynal fold in the same po-
sition in S. subgambosus (Wang et al. 2020: fig. 12A); (2) the visible parts of the acces-
sory glands are shorter than 1/8 of the spermathecal width (Fig. 21C, D), whereas they
are ~ 2/3 of the spermathecal width in S. subgambosus (Wang et al. 2020: fig. 12C).

Description. Male (Figs 20, 21E, E H, I). Total length 3.35. Carapace 1.63 long,
1.20 wide. Abdomen 1.71 long, 0.96 wide. Clypeus 0.03 high. Eye sizes and inter-
distances: AME 0.44, ALE 0.25, PLE 0.20, AERW 1.20, PERW 1.19, EFL 0.96.
Legs: I 4.43 (1.38, 1.33, 1.01, 0.43, 0.28), II 2.79 (0.83, 0.43, 0.65, 0.58, 0.30), II
2.84 (0.83, 0.40, 0.63, 0.68, 0.30), IV 3.68 (1.05, 0.50, 0.95, 0.88, 0.30). Carapace
stippled, red-yellow to dark, with pair of longitudinal, mediolateral, dark stripes on
anterior half of eye field, covered with white and brown setae; fovea oval, dark red.
Chelicerae yellow, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Endites
almost square, bearing dense setae on pale margins. Labium pale. Sternum almost
shield-shaped. Legs yellow except femora I red-brown, with seven (2-2-2-1) and two
ventral spines on tibiae and metatarsi I, respectively. Abdomen elongated, dorsum
yellow to brown, with pair of pale yellow spots anteriorly, and large, irregular trans-
verse patch medially; venter pale, with longitudinal dotted lines. Palp (Fig. 20A—E):
femur longer than wide, with triangular disto-prolateral apophysis; patella enlarged, ~
1.4x longer than wide in retrolateral view; tibia short, with sub-triangular prolateral
apophysis, disciform ventral apophysis, trifurcated retrolateral apophysis; cymbium
longer than wide, with flat, baso-prolateral apophysis, irregularly-shaped dorsal apo-
physis, and short, blunt retrolateral apophysis; bulb swollen, with sperm duct extend-
ing along margin; embolus originates from antero-prolateral side of bulb, curved into a
circle, acutely narrowed distally; MA elongated, retrolateral to embolus, bearing small
tubercles distally.

Female (Fig. 21A—D, G). Total length 3.71. Carapace 1.57 long, 1.17 wide.
Abdomen 2.07 long, 1.02 wide. Clypeus 0.03 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances:
AME 0.45, ALE 0.25, PLE 0.21, AERW 1.21, PERW 1.20, EFL 0.97. Legs: I 3.44
(.05,, O15 09753-0:38:0, 25) +112 5450.75 0:40 207580533023), 1 25990570,
0.38, 0.58, 0.65, 0.28), IV 3.49 (0.93, 0.45, 0.93, 0.88, 0.30). Carapace similar
to that of male except paler. Abdomen gray-brown, with pairs of antero-marginal
and mediolateral white spots of setae, and irregularly-shaped, median pale patch.
Epigyne (Fig. 21A—D): wider than long, with broad, boat-shaped hood opening pos-
teriorly; atria oval, occupying 2/3 of epigynal surface, separated by tapered median
septum, with pair of arc-shaped lateral ridges; copulatory openings small, near the
base of median septum, copulatory ducts very short, mostly hidden by spermathe-
cae, with terminal accessory glands; spermathecae L-shaped, touching; fertilization

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 157

ducts originate from anterior portions of the longitudinal parts of spermathecae,
extending anterolaterally.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Vinh Phuc and Hai Phong
Provinces, Vietnam.

Genus Yaginumaella Proszynski, 1979

Type species. Pellenes ususudi Yaginuma, 1972 from Japan.

Comments. Yaginumaella, contains 13 species mainly restricted to East Asia (WSC
2023). It was represented by nearly 50 species before Patoleta et al. (2020) transferred
37 of them into Ptocasius. However, the decision to transfer the species requires further
confirmation because it is only based on the similarity of copulatory organs and ig-
nores habitus differences. Additionally, there are no molecular data to provide another
line of evidence for this hypothesis. To date, there are no Yaginumaella species recorded
from Vietnam. Our experience indicates that there are quite a few species that are yet
to be discovered from the unexplored, high-altitude mountains of South China, and
the true diversity of the genus will greatly increase.

Yaginumaella hagiang sp. nov.
https://zoobank.org/2F56F12D-D056-4DBC-8934-099F6FA877C6
Figs 22323

Type material. Holotype ¢ (IZCAS-Ar44294), Viernam: Ha Giang Province: Ha
Giang National Forest, 14.VII.2002, D.S. Pham leg. Paratype 13 (IZCAS-Ar44295),
same data as holotype.

Etymology. ‘The species is named after the type locality; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. Yaginumaella hagiang sp. nov. closely resembles Y¥. orthomargina Shao,
Li & Yang, 2014 in having a very similar palpal structure, but it can be distinguished
by the following: (1) the tip of embolic division is directed prolaterally (Fig. 22C),
whereas it is directed anteriorly in Y orthomargina (Shao et al. 2014: fig. 10); (2) the
RTA is slightly curved towards the dorsal side distally in retrolateral view (Fig. 22B),
whereas it is straight in Y¥ orthomargina (Shao et al. 2014: fig. 11).

Description. Male (Figs 22, 23). Total length 4.43. Carapace 2.24 long, 1.59 wide.
Abdomen 2.27 long, 1.53 wide. Clypeus 0.10 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME
0.43, ALE 0.27, PLE 0.25, AERW 1.39, PERW 1.39, EFL 0.94. Legs: I 4.41 (1.33,
0:70; -039:0:75;20.60) ell 3: 72-C1805,-0768;-0.83,20-63; 0.53) 114-37 41530,20.63;
0.90, 1.01, 0.53), IV 4.50 (1.30, 0.63, 1.01, 1.01, 0.55). Carapace red-brown, setose,
with indistinct patches medially on eye field; fovea dark, longitudinal, linear. Chelicer-
ae red-brown, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Endites color-
ed as chelicerae, broadened distally. Labium tapered, darker than endites. Sternum
yellow to red-brown, covered with brown setae. Legs yellow to red-brown, spinous.
Abdomen elongate-oval, dorsum pale to yellow, covered with large scutum extending

158 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Figure 22. Male palp of Yaginumaella hagiang sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral
D dorsal. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: E — embolus; ED — embolic division; RTA — retrolateral
tibial apophysis; SD — sperm duct.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam hod)

Wl < 7“ ‘a,

it Af |
” A :
Figure 23. Yaginumaella hagiang sp. nov., holotype A habitus, dorsal B ditto, ventral C carapace, frontal
D chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (D); 0.5 mm (A=C).

| =

from anterior margin to posterior 3/4, and ~ 1/2 the abdominal width; venter pale,
dotted. Palp: (Fig. 22A—D): tibia slightly longer than wide in retrolateral view, with
broad retrolateral apophysis ~ 2/3 of its length, slightly curved distally, with pointed
tip; cymbium setose; bulb swollen, with sperm duct extending along margin; embolus
originates from 9 o'clock position on bulb, slightly curved medially, with strongly scle-
rotized, hook-shaped division.

Female. Unknown.

Distribution. Only known from the type locality in Ha Giang Province, Vietnam.

Comments. The species is known only from males, but there are no other conge-
ners known only from single females distributed in the nearby area, so, there is a very
small possibility that the species belongs to a species that is already described only
known from females. Thus, we describe it as new herein.

Genus Zabka gen. nov.
https://zoobank.org/59A077F9-1DB3-4009-8477-9 DAOCD65CEF2

Type species. Exophrys cooki Zabka, 1985 from Vietnam.

Etymology. The genus is named after Prof. Marek Zabka (Siedlce, Poland), a lead-
ing arachnologist in jumping spiders, who contributed significantly to the taxonomy
of jumping spiders from Vietnam. The gender is masculine.

160 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Diagnosis. Zabka gen. nov. resembles that of Euochin Proészynski, 2018 in hav-
ing the indistinguishable male palp, and the big, round, paired atria, but it can be
distinguished by the following: (1) the male chelicerae have one retromarginal fis-
sidental tooth with one cusp, or a single tooth, whereas have one fissidental tooth
with multiple cusps in the generotype and its congeners of Euochin (see the de-
scription of Zha et al. 2014); (2) the bulb has small, antero-marginal lobe, whereas
absent in Euochin (Zha et al. 2014: figs 5, 6, 8, 9, 16, 17, 19, 20; Metzner 2023);
(3) the spermathecae are anterior located, whereas posteriorly located in Euochin
(Zha et al. 2014: figs 4, 11, 15, 22; Metzner 2023); (4) the copulatory openings
are located medially or posteriorly on atria, whereas anteriorly located, or beneath
the anterior portions of atrial ridges in Euochin (Zha et al. 2014: figs 3 10, 14, 21;
Metzner 2023); (5) the copulatory ducts are much longer, > 3x spermathecal diam-
eter, whereas usually less than the spermathecal diameter in Euochin (Zha et al. 2014:
figs 4, 11, 15, 22; Metzner 2023). The genus also somewhat resembles Euophrys C. L.
Koch, 1834 in male palpal structure, but it can be easily distinguished by the broad
RTA (in retrolateral view), whereas RTA is seta-like in Euophrys (see the description
of Prészynski et al. 2018).

Description. Small-sized spiders. Sexual dimorphism indistinct. Carapace almost
square, red-brown to dark brown, setose, with elevated cephalic region and sloped
thorax; fovea dark, longitudinal, bar-shaped. Chelicerae with two promarginal teeth
and one retromarginal fissidental tooth or single tooth. Endites broadened distally.
Labium almost linguiform. Sternum almost oval, with straight anterior margin. Legs
yellow to dark brown. Abdomen oval or elongate-oval, dorsum with alternate pale
yellow and dark brown transverse bands or with several chevrons posteriorly; ven-
ter yellow-brown to dark brown. Palp: tibia short, with ventral bump, and straight
retrolateral apophysis almost equal to its length; cymbium longer than wide; bulb
elongated, with posteriorly extending posterior lobe and small, antero-marginal lobe;
embolus originates from the anterior portion of bulb, forming a disc at base, coiled in
almost a circle. Epigyne: with big, round, paired atria; copulatory openings medially
or posteriorly located on atria; copulatory ducts long, coils almost C-shaped, with
proximal accessory glands or not; spermathecae almost round, spherical, anteriorly
located; fertilization ducts originate from the anterior margins of spermathecae, trans-
versely extending.

Composition. The genus belongs to the tribe Euophryini, only including the
generotype and Z. xuyei (Lin & Li, 2020), comb. nov.

Distribution. Vietnam (Nghe An, Ninh Binh), China (Yunnan).

Comments. According to the morphological features, it can be easily recognized
that Euophrys xuyei is not a true Euophrys. Herein it is being transferred into Zabka gen.
noy. based on the similarity of copulatory organs with the generotype. However, it is
also different from the latter in habitus markings, indicating that the generic position
of this species may need further confirmation.

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 161

Zabka cooki (Zabka, 1985), comb. nov.
Figs 24, 25

Euophrys cooki Zabka, 1985: 219, figs 149, 150; Logunov 2020: 560.
“Euophrys” cooki: Prészynski et al. 2018: 38, fig. 171.

Material examined. 12 (IZCAS-Ar44296), VietNam: Ninh Binh Province: Cuc
Phuong National Park, Disturbed Forest (20°17.07'N, 105°40.25'E, ca. 270 m),
3.1V.2007, D.S. Pham leg.; 12 (IZCAS-Ar44297), Cuc Phuong National Park, 1-30.
VI.2007, same collector; 1669 (IZCAS-Ar44298-44304), Cuc Phuong National
Park, 1-30.VH.2007, same collector; 52 (IZCAS-Ar44305—44309), Cuc Phuong
National Park, 1-30.X.2007, same collector; 19 (IZCAS-Ar44310), Cuc Phuong Na-
tional Park (20°21.44'N, 105°34.21'E, ca. 410 m), 8.X.2007, same collector; 192 (IZ-
CAS-Ar44311), Cuc Phuong National Park (20°15.30'N, 105°42.55'E, ca. 250 m),
9.X.2007, same collector; 39. (IZCAS-Ar443 12-443 14), Cuc Phuong National Park,
1—30.1.2008, same collector.

Diagnosis. Zabka cooki resembles Z. xuyei, comb. nov. in having similar copulatory
organs, but it can be easily distinguished by the following: (1) the mediodorsal cymbial
spines are absent (Fig. 24A, C), whereas the spines are present in Z. xuyei (Lin and Li
2020: fig. 5A, C); (2) the copulatory ducts are twisted proximally and lack accessory
glands (Fig. 25B), whereas they are not twisted and have proximal accessory glands in
Z. xuyei (Lin and Li 2020: fig. 6B); (3) the dorsum of abdomen has a pair of anterior, elon-
gate-oval, pale yellow patches and a transverse, posterior, pale yellow band in both sexes
(Fig. 25C, E), whereas there are several chevrons in Z. xuyei (Lin and Li 2020: fig. 6C, E).

Description. Male (Figs 24, 25C, D, KE G). Total length 3.01. Carapace 1.82
long, 1.40 wide. Abdomen 1.24 long, 1.10 wide. Clypeus 0.08 high. Eye sizes and in-
ter-distances: AME 0.44, ALE 0.29, PLE 0.25, AERW 1.41, PERW 1.23, EFL 0.85.
Legs: I 3.99 (1.25, 0.63, 1.10, 0.63, 0.38), II 2.83 (0.90, 0.50, 0.68, 0.45, 0.30), III
3.617.225, 0.53; 0.75,-0.78, 0:30); IV3.51-Ch. 13, 0:50; 0:75, 0:80, 0.33)! Carapace
red to dark brown, covered with dense, brown setae, with square cephalic region
bearing two pairs of scale setae, one pair between PLEs and PMEs and other pair
near the posterior-inner margins of PMEs; fovea dark, longitudinal, linear. Chelicerae
red-brown to dark brown, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal fissi-
dental tooth with one cusp. Endites paler than chelicerae, broadened distally. Labium
tapered, paler at distal end. Sternum almost oval, with sub-straight anterior margin.
Legs pale yellow to yellow except femora I dark brown, with three and two pairs of
ventral spines on patellae I and metatarsi I, respectively. Abdomen oval, dorsum pale
yellow to dark brown, covered with white setae, with pair of anterolateral, elongate-
oval, pale yellow patches and transverse, posterior pale yellow band; venter pale yellow
to brown. Palp (Fig. 24A—C): tibia longer than wide in retrolateral view, with medio-
posterior notch, and straight RTA almost equal to its length and blunt apically; cym-

162 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Figure 24. Male palp of Zabka cooki, comb. nov. A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
Abbreviations: E — embolus; PL — posterior lobe; RTA — retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD — sperm duct.

bium longer than wide, and tapered at distal half; bulb elongated, with sperm duct
strongly curved at anterior half, with oval anterior lobe, and well-developed, posteri-
orly extended posterior lobe; embolus originates from the antero-prolateral portion
of bulb, forming disc at base, remainder curved into nearly a complete circle, with
blunt tip.

Female (Fig. 25A, B, E). Total length 2.99. Carapace 1.59 long, 1.32 wide. Ab-
domen 1.37 long, 1.10 wide. Clypeus 0.08 high. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME
044, ALE 0:29 -PRE(0:24, ABRW 137, PERW 1/21 -EFL0:89: Legs: F324401-015
O3553A07803x0555 40:39) wl T2861 O2805 302505505 8:30:45, 50:28). Il 3253582200250,
0.70, 0.65, 0.28), IV 3.26 (1.10, 0.43, 0.70, 0.73, 0.30). Habitus (Fig. 25E) similar to
that of male except darker and with denser white setae on carapace. Epigyne (Fig. 25A,
B) wider than long, with pair of round atria separated from each other by < 1/6 of their
width; copulatory openings slit-shaped, located at middle of inner portions of atria,
separated from each other by ~ 1/4 of the atrial width; copulatory ducts long, extend-
ing transversely in opposite directions before ascending to the same level of anterior
margins of spermathecae, finally connecting to anterior portion of spermathecae; sper-
mathecae almost spherical, anteriorly located, touching each other; fertilization ducts
originate from the middle of anterior margins of spermathecae, extending transversely.

Distribution. Vietnam (Nghe An, Ninh Binh).

Jumping spiders from Vietnam 163

Figure 25. Zabka cooki, comb. nov. A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C male habitus, dorsal D ditto,
ventral E female habitus, dorsal F male carapace, frontal G male chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.1 mm
(A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C-F). Abbreviations: AR- atrial ridge; CD — copulatory duct; CO — copulatory

opening; FD — fertilization duct; S — spermatheca.

164 Cheng Wang et al. / ZooKeys 1148: 119-165 (2023)

Acknowledgements

The manuscript benefited greatly from comments by Zhiyuan Yao (Shenyang, China),
Dmitri V. Logunov (Manchester, UK), and John T.D. Caleb (Tamil Nadu, India).
The English was checked by Sarah Crews (San Francisco, USA) and Nathalie Yonow
(Swansea, UK). This research was supported by the National Natural Science Founda-
tion of China (NSFC-31972869, 31660609, 32200369), the Vietnam Academy of
Science and Technology Project (UQDTCB.04/20-21), the Science and Technology
Project Foundation of Guizhou Province ([2020]1Z014), the Key Laboratory Project
of Guizhou Province ([2020]2003), the Doctoral Research Foundation of Tongren
University (trxyDH2102), and the Natural Science Research Project Foundation of
Guizhou Province of education [grant number KY[2019]168].

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